tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3701376394187080755.post755275222237752841..comments2023-07-09T07:40:01.809-07:00Comments on Moonset Lily's Magical Musings: Sendings, Abduction By Fairies, Witches Hats & Elf Arrows -- Oh My!Susan Sheppardhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11870910274627111448noreply@blogger.comBlogger1125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3701376394187080755.post-18552787309184828132019-08-20T16:50:26.315-07:002019-08-20T16:50:26.315-07:00According to Jeffrey Richards, in his *Sex, Dissid...According to Jeffrey Richards, in his *Sex, Dissidence and Damnation: Minorities in the Middle Ages*, the witches pointy hat derived from the hat many Jews were forced to wear in certain places in Italy and Germany. According to Richards, heretics, lepers, Jews and homosexuals were viewed as suspected agents of Anti-Christ popularly and occasionally by political and ecclesiastical authorities, especially during those repeated times of millennial expectation. God was equated with order and order was equated with uniformity... in dress according to gender and gender roles, political opinion, and religious dogma, for example. Any who were deviant (those who did not conform) were then contributing to disorder and therefore agents of Anti-Christ and Satan, the Prince of Disorder. As witches came to be recognized in the 13th century during the Fourth Lateran Council, and more broadly by the 15th century as the equivalent of heretics, so also they were associated with those "deviants" and suspected agents of Anti-Christ I listed above. The pointy hat and the long nose associated with Jewish caricature and stereotypes transferred over to popular images of witches portrayed as having long noses and wearing pointy hats. Rod McCaslinhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/10287293913679187542noreply@blogger.com